/* =========================================================
   ACADEMIC SCHOLARLY STYLESHEET
   Formal typography, restrained color, high readability
   ========================================================= */

:root {
    --paper: #f8f7f3;
    --surface: #ffffff;
    --ink: #202020;
    --muted: #666666;
    --accent: #263b5e;
    --accent-light: #e8edf4;
    --border: #d6d3cc;
    --rule: #b8b5ae;

    --serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
    --sans: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;

    --content-width: 850px;
    --wide-width: 1100px;

    --spacing-xs: 0.35rem;
    --spacing-sm: 0.7rem;
    --spacing-md: 1.25rem;
    --spacing-lg: 2rem;
    --spacing-xl: 3.5rem;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   GLOBAL
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    margin: 0;
    background: var(--paper);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 1.75;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   HEADER
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

header {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    background: var(--surface);
    padding: 3rem 1.5rem 2rem;
}

.header-inner {
    max-width: var(--wide-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.site-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.2rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.site-subtitle {
    margin: 0.5rem 0 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   NAVIGATION
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

nav {
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

nav ul {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

nav a {
    color: var(--accent);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}

nav a:hover,
nav a:focus {
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   MAIN CONTENT
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

main {
    max-width: var(--content-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 1.5rem;
}

article {
    background: var(--surface);
    padding: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 4rem);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   HEADINGS
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4 {
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--serif);
    line-height: 1.25;
}

h1 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

h2 {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

h3 {
    margin-top: 2.2rem;
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

h4 {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   TEXT
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

p {
    margin: 0 0 1.3rem;
}

.lead {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

strong {
    font-weight: 700;
}

em {
    font-style: italic;
}

/* Academic paragraph indentation */

.academic-text p + p {
    margin-top: 0;
    text-indent: 2em;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   LINKS
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

a {
    color: var(--accent);
}

a:hover {
    color: #15253d;
}

a:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 3px;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   BLOCKQUOTES
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

blockquote {
    margin: 2rem 0;
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
    background: var(--accent-light);
    color: #333;
    font-style: italic;
}

blockquote cite {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-style: normal;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   REFERENCES
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

.references {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    border-top: 2px solid var(--rule);
}

.references ol {
    padding-left: 2rem;
}

.references li {
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    padding-left: 0.5rem;
}

/* Hanging indentation */

.bibliography li {
    margin-left: 2rem;
    text-indent: -2rem;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   TABLES
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

table {
    width: 100%;
    margin: 2rem 0;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

caption {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    text-align: left;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-style: italic;
}

th,
td {
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    text-align: left;
}

th {
    background: var(--accent-light);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

tr:last-child td {
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--rule);
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   FIGURES
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

figure {
    margin: 2.5rem 0;
}

figure img {
    display: block;
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

figcaption {
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    text-align: center;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   NOTES / ASIDES
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

aside {
    margin: 2rem 0;
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    background: #fafafa;
}

.note-title {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--accent);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   CODE
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

code {
    padding: 0.15em 0.35em;
    background: #eeeeeb;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
    font-size: 0.85em;
}

pre {
    overflow-x: auto;
    margin: 2rem 0;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background: #20242a;
    color: #eeeeee;
    border: 1px solid #111;
    font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   FOOTNOTES
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

.footnotes {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.footnote {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   FOOTER
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

footer {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
    color: var(--muted);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    text-align: center;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   RESPONSIVE DESIGN
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (max-width: 700px) {

    body {
        font-size: 16px;
    }

    header {
        padding: 2rem 1rem 1.5rem;
    }

    main {
        padding: 2rem 0.75rem;
    }

    article {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    nav ul {
        gap: 0.8rem 1.2rem;
    }

    h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    h2 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    table {
        display: block;
        overflow-x: auto;
        white-space: nowrap;
    }
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------
   PRINT
   --------------------------------------------------------- */

@media print {

    body {
        background: white;
        color: black;
        font-size: 12pt;
    }

    header,
    article,
    main {
        border: none;
        background: white;
    }

    nav,
    footer {
        display: none;
    }

    main {
        max-width: none;
        padding: 0;
    }

    article {
        padding: 0;
    }

    a {
        color: black;
        text-decoration: none;
    }

    h2 {
        break-after: avoid;
    }

    figure,
    blockquote,
    table {
        break-inside: avoid;
    }
}